Monday, 18 May 2015

Induction and Oath Taking – University of Ibadan Pharmacy Graduating Students – 14-5-2015.

Chidi Okoro  
B.Pharm ;MBA; Dipl Mkt; Masters in Leadership& Strategy. Founder , Southern Business Academy.


Permit me to  stand on existing Protocol.
Thank you for inviting me to speak at this wonderful occasion. I am honoured to be with you today , almost twenty seven years after graduating from the university and being inducted into our profession of honour … the Pharmacy Profession.
First of all, congratulations to all of you, you should be very , very proud of yourselves for accomplishing this goal. Well done! I know you must all  be excited to get this event finished and done with. This milestone is certainly a strong platform, a launching pad, for what you will strive for and accomplish in the near future.
Congratulations to your parents , guardians , lecturers , the UI community and leadership for making your dreams a reality.
Life is indeed a journey,. To prepare you for the journey ahead, let me start by  sharing with you some bits of the Nigeria you will be graduating into:
Nigeria is a ‘young nation’ with population of about 180 million with 70% below 30 years of age. So , when we hear the maxim .. “the youths are the future of our nation”, we must embrace it and be sure that we are ready to chart and lead the future that will evolve. We will spend some time looking at the quality of this population in the course of this presentation.
Our dear country Nigeria is Africa’s largest economy with a Gross Domestic Product of $510b. This has been and will continue to grow at over 5% year on year. The GDP of  Africa as a whole will be growing sub 4% and the world economy will be growing near 2%. This is cheering news. Our forex reserve has dipped to $29.5b overtime driven by lowering oil prices. Oil contributes 80% of our foreign exchange. This may be the reason we spend more time analyzing the oil industry than every other sector of our economy.
If we look at the sectorial contribution ; Services contribute over 50% to our GDP , Oil and Gas contributes 15% , Agriculture chips in 20% , Manufacturing at 6.8% Entertainment contributes 1.4%. The Pharmaceutical  sector valued at below $2b  (embedded into the services sector) contributes a low 0.05% to GDP!!
Our GDP per capita has grown from below $400 in 1990 to $3000 in 2013. This is following the consistent year on year growth of our economy.
Nigeria has a debt ($60.1 domestic; $9.5b external) to GDP ratio of 13% and fiscal deficit of 0.79%. Most countries have debt to GDP ratio of over 50%. Both indices are low and favourable by every standard and points to the opportunity within if we can channel resources and energy more productively.
Let me share with you some indices I am sure you are already familiar with as regards our healthcare sector to which our noble profession of Pharmacy belongs.
Nigeria has a  life expectancy of 52 years compared to India’s 62 years and South Africa’s 57 years.
Nigeria has a Physician to 1,000 patient ratio of 0.4 (this implies 40 Doctors for every 100,000 Nigerians) compared to India’s 0.6, SA’s 0.8 and the USA at 2.4. Kenya and Ghana at 0.2 and 0.1 respectively. Cuba has the best ratio at 6.7. This is largely related to number of Medical Schools and other variables.
Nigeria’s total health expenditure as a percentage of GDP is 3.6% ; compare to USA’s 17.1% and Cuba’s and SA’s  8.8% and 8.9% respectively.

Before we mourn , let me also list the  six common diseases in Nigeria –

-          Malaria , Common cold and cough , HIV/Aids , Pelvic inflammatory diseases , Hypertension , Acute Diarrhoea.

As young graduates of Pharmacy , do bear this in mind as you ponder your contribution to ‘impact’ our world!
Nigeria has a registered Pharmacists  number of 14,000 with 9,000 in active practice. There are only 3,000 Registered Pharmacies as at today. Compare to Brazils 60,000 and India’s 1,000,000. Nigeria has only 17 accredited Pharmacy Schools.
This mirrors the fact that Nigeria has a total registered Doctor population of 65,000 with 45,000 practicing , Dentists No is 4,500 with 2,500 practicing.
My dear Graduands , you do not need me to tell you that you are entering a world of immense challenges and more than a little uncertainty. Our dear nation is going through a great deal of turbulence and sometimes the real issues are not on the front burner. However, I will encourage you to look beyond the ‘noise’ and ‘thunder’. Because , beneath all these is a great deal of opportunity for this generation if only we embrace the occasion with the right ‘mental model’. I believe the University of Ibadan , which has amongst it’s mission the following…
-          To produce Graduates who are worthy of character and sound judgement
-          To contribute to the transformation of society through creativity and innovation.

has prepared you all for the journey ahead.



Where are the opportunities for Graduates of Pharmacy like you and I? I must say, numerous – let me list a couple of evident opportunities here as you reflect on your future.
Industrial and Manufacturing sector – with over 90% of the drugs we consume in Nigeria still imported , this is a sector to watch out for. You have a chance in subsectors of Manufacturing , Marketing , Sales and Quality Assurance.
Retail and Community Sector – With only 3,000 registered Retail Pharmacies in Nigeria , you can only imagine the opportunity here. 95% of registered outlets are located in urban areas. Think about the lack of access to Pharmacy care in rural and semi urban areas across Nigeria.
Wholesale and Distributive Sector – This sector is waiting for  a transformation. There has been some positive movement past few years but a lot needs to be done. But the approach will desire some creativity.
Consulting Services - imagine the numerous small to medium pharmaceutical industries , Retailers and importers desiring help in areas of Marketing , Regulatory and Quality Assurance. Consulting in Retail Pharmacy set up and practice. Imagine the thousands of retail pharmacy outlets springing up in all parts of Nigeria  over the past 5 years and coming 10 years.
Academia – With only 17 Pharmacy Schools , this is a space to watch out for. What if 20 new Schools of Pharmacy open up over next 5 years ? Who knows, would we have enough faculty for the schools of Pharmacy we will advocate for ?
Research and Statistics – There is no recognized authority in area of Pharmaceutical sector research and statistics in Nigeria , perhaps , someone sits here who will open this up.
Policy Making – You can find a space in Government and contribute to shape the future of  our dear profession , the state and the nation.
Training and Development – What about an organization dedicated to provide cutting edge training and development services for the Pharmaceutical industry ?
Human Resource Outsourcing Services – Again , a potentially large sector waiting to be opened up. There will be hundreds of Pharmaceutical industry investors in various sectors seeking to recruit Registered Pharmacists as this industry evolves. I am involved with a project to develop a 200 retail chain Pharmacy over the  next 10 years, guess the biggest challenge ? We cannot find the Pharmacists to run the outlets.
Hospital Pharmacy Practice – This is a traditional sector that has existed for a long time and remains relevant.
There will also be opportunity in the evolving Herbal Pharmacy Practice. I will encourage you to take a look at that sector.




Beyond these opportunities ….
There are realities to confront. Our noble profession is going through the pains of ‘growing up’ in many areas. This is akin to the Healthcare industry evolution in Nigeria. This comes with some realities. I will share a few of those with you as well as my framing of them.
Here is a story that may motivate you to take an action:
Next village to mine in Arondizuogu in Imo state , there is a ‘Doctor’ ? , ‘Chemist’? , ‘Pharmacist’ ? , ‘Druggist’ ? called IK – this community of over 5,000 people rely on IK for their drugs and medicaments including advisory services. Look around your community , there are over 50,000 IKs around. I was in Owerri for an event and stopped by at home to see my relatives back home and ran into one of my Aunties returning from IK’s premises. She had 7 different medicines that had just been given to her by IK. When I asked – “what is your problem” , she responded, “I have been having a back ache and have not been sleeping well”. Note , my Auntie is 64 years and a farmer – virtually tills the ground with her hands.
What if IK had better exposure and ‘education’ and awareness of his responsibility to his community ? What if we helped IK gain these attributes that will ensure he is more ethical in the discharge of his ‘duties’ to my community?
This typifies our dear profession today!! Let me take a look at our profession today.
Access is an area desiring attention – with 9,000 registered Pharmacists an3 3,000 registered Pharmacies , access to pharmacy care by Nigerians is sub optimal. With only 17 Pharmacy schools , the solution is far from here. Now , what can we do about this – there must be ways and means to think immediate solution while designing long tern solution. Can we consider better ways of integrating much  the Patent Medicine dealers to create a more trusting and  co operative environment rather than current system of distrust and neglect ? We can design a model that works.
Can we think about e Pharmacy services model that seeks to make Pharmacy care services available virtually both via our telephones and internet. With 140 million phone users , we will be reaching a lot more Nigerians.
Can we as Pharmacy practitioners , PSN , PCN look to encourage more private Universities to launch  50 schools of Pharmacy over the next 10 years ?
Can we not Instigate  better Quality Teaching in our Pharmacy Schools ?  A curriculum that exposes our youths to the opportunities in our environment while showing the evolving trends in our dear profession in more advanced parts of the world. A teaching method that helps our students build character like University of Ibadan seeks to deliver. A teaching method that focuses on building resilience empathy , humility , selflessness in our youths and have them ready for the world outside. A teaching method that seeks to develop our creativity , problem solving and critical thinking instincts.
What if we positioned  6 top schools of Pharmacy in six geographic areas of Nigeria in areas of Pharmacy Microbiology , Pharmaceutical chemistry and Analytics to  serve as the NAFDAC analytical laboratories ? This ensures students are exposed to industry dynamics via engagement with  NAFDAC and it’s activities  early on from school.
What if our Pharmacy Schools are partnering with external Consultancy houses actively market and provide services such as Research in basic areas like fake and counterfeit products prevalence ?
What if our professional colleagues from private and public practice are integrated into the teaching of Pharmacy in all schools – graduands can leave Pharmacy school with full understanding of the profession from an external perspective.
The Pharmaceutical Industry has  huge headroom for expansion– Contributing a meager 0.05% to GDP shows enormous opportunity for us as Pharmacy professionals.
What if  we strive to achieve a target of manufacturing locally ,  50% of pharmaceutical products consumed in Nigeria? What if we have a law mandating minimum 80% of drugs in our hospitals to be locally manufactured medicines ?
What if we spent more time as professional groups analyzing the opportunities within the industry and working with interested parties to design possible actions to pick up this opportunity in the interest of our profession and our nation. This will require a reframing of our narrative from challenges and problems to opportunities and strengths.
What if agencies of Regulation of the Pharmaceutical and allied industries reframed their role to evolve from control , regulation and punishment to development , cultivation and expansion of the industry ? This will require a rethinking and mindset change. Every time I have listened to regulators and professional groups within my dear profession , it had been about a rhetoric of the problems  and challenges. I seldom hear about partnerships that need to be cultivated to build our profession , I seldom hear about need to encourage availability and access to  Pharmacy care for teeming Nigerians. I seldom hear about encouraging the ‘investors’ we call traders to integrate fully into our dear profession by having their children and wards study Pharmacy and over time , we will have over 65% of the profession in the hands of trained professionals.
What if some of our regulatory agencies devoted more time to nip incidences of fake and adulteration in the bud rather than the current model of enforcement which leads to  millions of Naira being thrown to the dogs every month ? What if we designed programmes that encourage investors to come into the mainstream ? I mean encourage and propel , not REGULATE and CONTROL!!
The biggest area of opportunity for our dear profession is on home ground …..Professionalism! Many of us lack valuable information that enables choice making, we lack awareness , we lack understanding and so we settle for lowly endeavours in our desire to pay our rent and feed our families today. This is an area we need to reflect on and make individual efforts to improve upon. As young graduands , I will encourage you to break away from this ‘rat race’. Seek exposure , seek education and make a road map for yourself that looks to the ‘future you desire’. Please note, it will be a marathon. I will advise you to desist from preparing for a ‘sprint’. This is an area I will encourage parents and guardians to help support their wards on.
What if we move to become the change we so desire ? What if we took steps to become thorough professionals in words and deed? What if the Pharmacists become a rallying cry and role model for the generality of Nigerians.
It should begin with  ONE of us and that one is YOU and I!
Dear Graduands , it’s your time in the sun. We expect a ‘push’ from you lot to propel us forward. The time of blaming the ‘leadership’ for all our challenges should end with you .. You are ‘leaders’ we are all  ‘leaders’!
Steve Jobs said something profound, ‘Your time is limited , so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drawn out your own inner voice. And most importantly , have the courage to follow your heart and intuition’.
Bradley Whitford once said, ‘Take action. Every story you’ve ever connected with , every leader you’ve ever admired, every puny little thing that you’ve ever accomplished is the result of taking action. You have a choice. You can either be a passive victim of circumstance or you can be the active hero of your own life’.
I had framed what many people call challenges and issues as opportunities for a reason - we are a developing country awash with opportunities. But as a developing country , you will need to navigate tough challenges to pick the opportunities. Do not get distracted. But , we all have a part to play to propel our nation, moreso, the noble profession of Pharmacy and Pharmacists. We can choose to highlight the issues or choose to proffer solutions and actually take action in our little spheres to show the way and bring good , quality pharmacy care to our people. If you reference the six top diseases in Nigeria and Africa , you can see that as Pharmacists , we can help curtail the impact of those diseases by a large percentage.
As Pharmacists , how can we contribute to the  growth of  our nation ? How can we reframe the narrative from highlighting the issues to pointing to and actually taking actions to help the growth of our nation ? How are we shaping up to ensure we deliver quality pharmacy services to our teeming population and truly become role models that we aspire to ? How are we going to help position the profession of Pharmacy to become a revered Profession because we as Practitioners exhibit exemplary character in words and deeds?
How are we going to design systems that ensure our relatives in our various villages and communities get some level of good pharmacy and drugs advisory services ? What will be our input to grow the  contribution to GDP of the Pharmaceutical sector to 3% overtime ? What will be our contribution to ensure up to  60% of drugs and medicaments consumed in Nigeria are made locally thereby providing jobs and experience to our teeming youths.
If we become true professionals in words and deed , we will be helping influence ethical conduct in our national lives.
If we can help reframe the narrative about our profession , we will be helping to channel the energies of stakeholders more productively towards delivering solutions so that our tomorrow will be better than our today!
Can we think how we as Pharmacists can creatively help combat the six common diseases afflicting majority of Nigerians ? When we do this , we will earn the trust and confidence of the community and the Government. We will no longer be seen as ‘takers’ but as ‘ valuable contributors’! Let us ponder over this.
If we can help improve the healthcare indices of our nation , our great nation will profit in many ways including – higher productivity leading to higher per capita income and then better life for more people. If we evolve to a healthier nation , we will be trending to a wealthier nation.
My dear friends, you are armed with a very valuable degree , you are armed with a platform to be able to chart a future for yourself and contribute to build our great nation. I will advise that you view this as the beginning , you need to keep seeking knowledge , and you need to keep updating yourself with the latest trends and news within the Pharmacy profession. The hard truth is that many of you will actualize your dreams of achieving excellence in their chosen fields, many may not. Whatever becomes of you will be an outcome of actions you take and do not take over next 5 years. But keep an eye on Nigeria’s policy on education, it is to be able to produce men and women with skills and knowledge to contribute to build our nation while upholding our culture and tradition.
Can I challenge you to ‘seek to learn first before seeking to earn’ ? Can I advise you to seek to ‘grow before you crow’? Can I challenge you to endeavor to define ‘success’ in your own way and not how societal pressure and expectations define it ? Can I challenge you to strive to make a difference in whatever sphere and community you find yourself ?
Can I challenge you to be value adding to society that has given you enormous value in terms of education ?
Let me close with an advice .. It’s hard not to be afraid to try -Be less Afraid.
 It’s hard to resist- joining - the ‘band wagon’. Resist it more strongly and firmly!!
Welcome to our noble profession of PHARMACY..

Thank you for the audience!!

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